论教育知识实在化对教育者素质的要求

教育者的素质是教育知识实在化的重要因素之一.教育者在实在化过程中应具备“心”与“力”两方面的素质.“心”的素质包括教师的教育观念、教师的职业理想、教师的信念和信心.“力”的素质包括学习能力、处理和转化教育知识的能力、实际教育教学能力、教育科研能力及一些特殊能力.     

教育信念与文化的关系研究述评

教师的教育信念是在特定文化环境中形成和发展的。教师的教育信念与文化环境是何种关系?文化何以影响教育信念?通过梳理众多学者对教师的教育信念的研究,从教师的教育信念与文化的关系出发,探讨教师的教育信念究竟与文化有着怎样的渊源,包括教育信念与文化的关系,以及教育信念与教师文化、学校文化、社会文化的关系。     

从教育知识实在化看教育知识应具备的素质

教育知识实在化是指教育知识向教育实在化的过程。教育知识实在化要求教育知识必须具备一定的素质,如内容上客观真实,范围上要求有时间跨度,表述上要清晰、严谨和明确,生产态度上要认真严肃。并且教育知识实在化要求建立一定的转化机制。     

创业教育作用机制的社会学研究

通过对福建高校学生的问卷调查和教师的个案访谈,结合文献检索的方法,发现创业教育受到宏观社会系统、中观学校因素和微观个体资质等不同程度的影响。社会的政策环境、经济环境、文化环境,学校的教学环节、实践机制、环境系统,个体的创业意识、创业品质、创业知识、创业能力,都深刻影响着创业教育的深入开展。     

“完整人”视角下教师审美素养及提升

教师作为学校美育实践活动的引导者和开展者,其审美素养的高低关系着学校审美教育的成败与学生的健康成长,更关系着教师自身人格的完善。纵观当下学校教育,竭蹶步趋于“教育苦旅”的“被动型”“追赶型”教师,其审美素养呈现出审美观念畸形化、审美知识功利化、审美情感缺失化、审美境界世俗化、审美能力固着化等问题。重构教师审美素养须从“完整人”视角出发,更多地凸显身体价值、重视感性存在、追求生命完整,以内在自觉和本性使然提升审美素养。     

论学校文化环境对教师教育信念实效发挥的影响

教师教育信念指导着教师的实际教育行为,是教师发挥主体性的集中体现。学校文化环境是教师教育信念在真实教育情境中发挥效用的直接性外部影响因素,其影响力通过学校教育理念与教师个人教育信念之间的关系体现出来。作为直接影响因素,宽松、良好的学校文化环境有利于教师教育信念发挥实际效用,进而有利于保障教师的主体地位。     

乡村教师在地化专业发展的问题与对策

乡村教育振兴的关键在乡村教师,只有教师的在地化知识越丰富、面向乡村学生的教学技巧越醇熟,乡村学校才能在促进学生发展方面更有成效。但现实中,我国乡村教师在地化专业发展仍面临诸多问题,包括专业发展目标追求职业晋升、偏离“为农”取向;在地化专业知识融入不够;乡村属性教学能力及专业发展情意涵养不足。其原因主要在于城镇化背景下教育资源向城集聚导致乡村教师逆向流动、乡村教师培训缺少“乡土元素”、乡村教师发展政策执行偏差、乡村学校与社区隔离导致教师专业发展缺乏在地化空间。因此,研究建议应在城乡教育一体化发展中重塑在地化专业发展目标;建构基于伙伴协作的在地化专业发展模式;完善乡村教师发展政策;促进乡村学校-社区协同共生、优化乡村教师在地化专业发展环境。     

论学校文化环境对教师教育信念实效发挥的影响

教师教育信念指导着教师的实际教育行为．是教师发挥主体性的集中体现。学校文化环境是教师教育信念在真实教育情境中发挥效用的直接性外部影响因素．其影响力通过学校教育理念与教师个人教育信念之间的关系体现出来。作为直接影响因素。宽松、良好的学校文化环境有利于教师教育信念发挥实际效用．进而有利于保障教师的主体地位。     

信息社会背景下学校课程面临的挑战及应对

信息技术的飞速发展带来了一系列颠覆式的社会效应,包括知识生产公共化、社会建构网络化、社会文化媒介化,彻底改变了学校所处的社会环境。学校教育作为社会系统中一个重要的子系统,在课程知识、课程组织与课程质量三个方面也面临着严峻的变革挑战。基于开放系统组织理论视角,学校课程对信息社会环境的适应,实质上是一个知识输出、组织转型及文化生成的过程。学校课程要通过社会化应对知识生产公共化的需求,通过扁平化适应社会建构网络化的现状,通过精品化应对社会文化媒介化的挑战,进而实现学校的信息化与现代化。     

当前家校关系中存在的问题及伦理调适

当前家校关系中存在着大量不良交往行为与认识误区。“挑错”模式导致学生并不希望家长和教师保持密切的联系;“家庭教育学校化”使学生的学业压力“雪上加霜”;学校和教师依仗教育权力在态度上对家长缺乏尊重。种种不良交往行为与认识误区已严重影响了家校关系的正常发展及其教育功能的发挥。矫正“家庭教育学校化”的倾向,建立学校与家庭平等合作的伦理关系,培养教师与家长的沟通态度与能力,坚持充满伦理意蕴的家访以构建和谐的学校和家庭关系。     

The Effect of Flemish Eco‐Schools on Student Environmental Knowledge,Attitudes, and Affect

Eco‐schools aim to improve the environment through direct and indirect effects. Direct effects are those that result from the implementation of an environmental management system. Indirect effects are educational gains. The current study examines the effectiveness of eco‐schools concerning three student outcomes: (1) environmental knowledge, (2) environmental attitudes, and (3) environmental affect. The study includes 1287, 10–12‐year‐olds from 59 schools (38 eco‐schools and 21 control schools). Multivariate multilevel regression analyses show that eco‐schools mainly influence their students' environmental knowledge; they do not influence environmental affect. Eco‐school students, furthermore, have equal preservation attitudes and lower utilization attitudes, as compared to control‐school students. The implications of these results for research and practice are discussed.     

Educational model for environmental‐cognition development

Environmental education (EE) is an holistic educational approach the main goal of which is to develop the students’ environmental cognition, as compared to the disciplinary approach which develops a compartmentalized cognition. Environmental cognition is defined as a reciprocal relationship, comprising knowledge, understanding, sensitivity, perceptiveness and imagination with regard to the environment as well as responsibility and motivation to make environmental decisions. A conceptual model was constructed for this purpose comprising three stages: sensing the environment and generating questions; analysing and then synthesizing a system presentation of the environment, thereby focusing upon the inter‐relatedness and interdependence of environmental components; and environmental problem‐solving.

The model was implemented for training EE teachers and for EE curriculum development. Both of which may enhance the inclusion of EE within the formal educational system.     

优化教育生态,实现学校可持续发展

教育生态是教育系统内部诸要素之间的交互作用及其与外部环境之间的物质、能量和信息的交换。而教育生态平衡则主要是教育系统的综合平衡、运行高效、功能优异及其与社会环境的良好协同。学校生态环境的优化，就是宏观调控校内外各种环境要素，使之处于有利于教育教学活动的进行、有利于青少年学生身心最佳发展，实现教育资源之间的有机整合与整体创新。教育生态系统的持续发展是全社会持续发展的重要条件之一。     

英国创业型大学建设的经验与启示

创业型大学是一种全新办学模式,强调创造知识、转让技术、服务社会等职能。基于英国创业型大学建设的政治背景、经济背景、社会背景、教育背景等时代背景,剖析英国创业型大学建设的办学理念前沿、课程体系完善、实践活动丰富、政策保障有力、社会援助广泛等主要措施。以此为借鉴,从紧扣时代发展需求、树立科学办学理念、开发系统课程模块、构建综合实践体系、营造良好政策环境、争取持续社会资源等方面,探究英国创业型大学建设经验对我国实践的重要启示,从而推动我国创业型大学改革发展。     

Meritocracy,deficit thinking and the invisibility of the system: Discourses on educational success and failure

Socio‐ethnic stratification and segregation processes present in Flemish society are reflected in the everyday school environment. Pupils with a different socio‐ethnic background than the dominant majority and middle class seem to be confronted with a lot of difficulties in this school system. The dominant meritocratic discourse frequently applies a deficit thinking perspective to frame educational success and failure, focusing on deficiencies originating outside of the school. In this paper we analyse newly collected survey data (N = 11,015 pupils) and a large amount of qualitative data (from pupils, parents, teachers, principals) to answer our two main research questions: (i) how is educational success/failure defined, and (ii) how is educational success/failure explained? The factor analyses as well as the qualitative analyses illustrate how the idea of meritocracy relates to individualistic features such as effort, merit and competence. However, the findings also reveal that this individualistic approach goes hand‐in‐hand with a focus on the family environment and ‘culture’ which seems to limit individual agency to a large extent. In these discourses, pupils, parents and even teachers are presented as being largely determined by their direct social environment with almost no regard for social inequalities within the educational system. The paper ends with a discussion on how processes of victimization and the denial of systemic bias, influence educational trajectories and proposes a different approach to multiculturalism and the appreciation of cultural background and specific family resources as positive elements in these trajectories.     

Changes in educational beliefs and classroom practices of teachers and students in rich technology-based classrooms[1]

This study was conducted in the framework of a project that sought to change the school learning and teaching environment and adapt it to current reality through the proactive use of technology in the search for knowledge. It is an exploratory, longitudinal, case study of a single school, in one city in central Israel, which examines changes in educational beliefs, classroom practices, and knowledge restructuring processes of six teachers of grades 4-6, who for three years experienced an approach to teaching and learning focusing on information-rich tasks in an information-rich environment. The main findings show different patterns and rates of change in teacher educational beliefs, knowledge restructuring processes and classroom practices. They also demonstrate that students of teachers whose educational beliefs and classroom practices radically changed and which reflected a constructivist approach to learning regarded learning as a process of engaging with complex, context-related tasks requiring multiple viewpoints, whereas students whose teachers had a traditional positivist approach saw technologyassisted learning as learning with technical tools. The study indicates a reciprocal rather than unidirectional relationship between teacher classroom practice and changes in teacher educational beliefs and knowledge restructuring processes.     

教育知识转化的现状研究

通过采用计量追踪法对当前教育知识转化的现状进行调查发现,当前教育知识转化在渠道、内容和接受者方面存在着问题。教育科研知识朝向实践的转化与学校的资金、校长对知识管理的理念和做法、教师对改善自己工作现状的渴望、最近教育主管机构强烈推行的教改做法与具体教学实践的要求,以及教育知识创造者对知识开发和传递的态度等因素直接相关。知识转化不仅是一个传播问题,更是一个国家对教育发展所依赖的知识背景的认识问题。     

家庭环境对学业成绩的影响研究

采用自编的家庭环境调查问卷,对安徽省凤阳县1295名初三学生家庭环境状况与中考成绩进行调查,以考察家庭环境因素与学业成绩之间的关系,结果发现:家庭环境因素中家庭教育背景、家庭结构、家庭学习资源对学业成绩显著正相关;家庭教育态度中其父母参与度、支持度、亲子互动对学业成绩显著正相关,监管度对学业成绩显著负相关.家庭经济水平、家庭教育背景、家庭职业背景、家庭结构均可透过家庭学习资源间接影响学业成绩;而家庭经济水平、家庭教育背景、家庭结构又可透过家庭教育态度间接影响学业成绩,家庭学习资源和家庭教育态度是影响学业成绩的重要因素     

高职院校教师培训反思与校本教育构建

运用文献法对高职院校教师培训现状进行反思，在此基础上研究高职院棱教师校本教育的背景、内涵和构建。高职院校教师校本教育，即高职院校立足于本院校、教师本人、本专业特色的“三本”教师教育模式。其教育目标是更新理念、完善知能、学会创新；教学内容注重以教师为本、以能力为本、以发展为本；教育方式要体现多样性、特色性、灵活性；教育管理要形成支持性环境，注重过程性评价。