国家皮划艇（静水）队训练信息集成分析平台的构建及应用

Using experimental method,software engineering,and mathematical statistics method,an information integration analysis platform for national canoeing team training was developed,which can complete athletes' basic information management,video analysis,multi-parameter synchronous integration,static information digital monitoring and other functions. Application of the platform was used to collect and analyze the training data such as set sail ,the way planning data,and boating in the process of real-time heart rate and heart rate variability characteristics ,and found that some athletes set sail out and into the water,the time difference is too large,sequential paddle was unreasonable;compared Chinese team with the German team,the effect of catching water is not good,paddle frequency control is poor,four athletes is imbalance among the level of technology;using heart rate variability may reflect racing data structure. Chinese canoe team training information integration analysis platform established to achieve canoe training in information acquisition,information integration and data multi-parameter fast feedback.     

Active video games in fully immersive virtual reality elicit moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and improve cognitive performance in sedentary college students

Background:Active video games are a new method for increasing physical activity(PA).Fully immersive virtual reality(VR)is a hardware device on which an active video game can run.Active(video games in)VR(AVR),might increase immersion,game engagement,and moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA),thereby yielding greater exercise-related benefits,e.g.,cognitive performance.Methods:We examined the induction of MVPA via an AVR and a sedentary VR(SVR)as well as the effects of VR play on cognitive performance,which was monitored using 2 different methods.Each of 29 sedentary college students attended three 20-min laboratory sessions(AVR,SVR,or control)in a randomized order;during the control session,they sat quietly doing nothing.A fully immersive headset was used for the 2 video game sessions.We monitored and computed participants’PA using hip-wom accelerometers(wGT3 x-bt;ActiGraph,Pensacola,FL,USA)and a heart rate band(Polar H7;Polar,Kempele,Finland).After each session,the participants completed a mnemonic similarity test(MST)to measure recognition memory.They also filled out a motion sickness questionnaire and an abbreviated game experience questionnaire.Results:The AVR session induced a significantly greater heart rate and more time spent in MVPA than did either of the other 2 sessions regardless of the PA monitoring method.AVR elicited greater game experience questionnaire-assessed sensory and imaginative immersion,challenge,and positive affect than did SVR.The mnemonic similarity test recognition score was marginally higher post-AVR session than it was post-SVR session.Conclusion:AVR elicited MVPA without a significant increase in motion sickness and induced a better game experience and better borderline cognitive performance than did SVR.     

基于双手抛接球动作的运动协调形成与调节的肌肉工作特征研究

The phenomenon of movement regulation of throwing and catching balls with both hands was studied by using surface electromyography. The parameters and indicators to characterize the inner control of movement regulation system were proposed. The operating characteristic of the muscles involved in movement regulation was quantitatively analyzed,the inner regulatory mechanisms of movement was discussed. The results can provide important reference and is of guiding significance for research areas of motion control,motor learning,physical education and training.     

A Study on Exploring Athletes Mental Potential in the Competition of Olympic Games

There are competitions of severity and tremendous pressures in Olympic Games, full of unpredictability and cruelty, which is mainly because the Olympic Games give athletes a lot of special psychological load, such as athletes' special interests and prestige, the special effect of mental magnetic field in competitions, special sources of stress, the special psychological pressure transmission system, the special con version of roles, the scenes caused by special personality of greed and fluke, and so on.     

Situational interest impacts college students’physical activity in a design-based bike exergame

Background:Active videogames or exergames have been used as an innovative way to promote physical activity(PA)among various populations.A player’s interest in active videogames is associated with the fun and entertaining nature of the games and may trigger situational interest,thus increasing engagement.The goal of this study was to examine the impact of situational interest dimensions on college students’PA when playing the design-based bike exergame Greedy Rabbit(Vescape,Berlin,Germany).Methods:Sixty undergraduate students(age:20.8±1.3 years,mean±SD,18-25 years old;51.7%males)were recruited from the kinesiology department of a university located in the southern region of Belgium.The participants were assigned to an experimental group(n=41)or a control group(n=19)based on an incremental cycling test.Students in the experimental group engaged in 1 session of Greedy Rabbit(Vescape)while students in the control group engaged in 1 session of a placebo version of Greedy Rabbit(Vescape).The length of the sessions ranged from 24 min to 31 min.Results:Results for the control group indicated that the players’PA metrics(cadence:F(19,360)=1.43,p=0.11;heart rate:F(19.360)=1.16,p=0.29;oxygen consumption:F(19,360)=0.83,p=0.67)were stable during the exergame.Results for the experimental group demonstrated the effects of time on the players’PA metrics and revealed significant associations between the change in the players’situational interest dimensions and PA metrics(cadence:F(19,800)=26.30,p<0.01;heart rate:F(19,800)=19.77,p<0.01;oxygen consumption:F(19,800)=10.04,p<0.01).Conclusion:An approach using a design-based exergame may be a relevant strategy for promoting levels of PA that yields positive health-related outcomes among college students.     

Exercise-mediated regulation of autophagy in the cardiovascular system

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of human death worldwide. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved degradation pathway,which is a highly conserved cellular degradation process in which lysosomes decompose their own organelles and recycle the resulting macromolecules.Autophagy is critical in maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis and function, and excessive or insufficient autophagy or autophagic flux can lead to cardiovascular disease. Enormous evidence indicates that exercise training plays a beneficial role in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The regulation of autophagy during exercise is a bidirectional process. For cardiovascular disease caused by either insufficient or excessive autophagy, exercise training restores normal autophagy function and delays the progression of cardiovascular disease.An in-depth exploration and discussion of exercise-mediated regulation of autophagy in the cardiovascular system can broaden our view about the prevention of various autophagy-related diseases through exercise training. In this article, we review autophagy and its related signaling pathways,as well as autophagy-dependent beneficial effects of exercise in cardiovascular system.     

Incidence of injuries in professional snow sports: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Purpose:The study aimed to conduct a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of injury incidence in professional skiers and snowboarders.Methods:We systematically searched PubMed,Web of Science,and MEDLINE for studies on injury incidence published from inception to April 2020.Injury data were extracted,alongside information on injury location,severity,type,cause,and sport discipline.Incidence of injuries was presented per 1000 athlete-days,with 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs).Results:The search identified 462 articles,and 22 were included in our review.The overall incidence of injuries among professional skiers and snowboarders was 3.49 per 1000 athlete-days(95%CI:2.97-4.01).Lower extremity had the highest injury incidence(1.54 per 1000 athletedays,95%CI:1.24-1.84).Incidence rates of slight,mild,moderate,and severe injuries were 0.26,0.31,0.57,and 0.59 per 1000 athlete-days,respectively.Contusion had the highest incidence rate(1.82 per 1000 athlete-days,95%CI:1.01-2.63).The most common cause of injury was contact trauma(3.20 per 1000 athlete-days,95%CI:1.32-5.08).Freestyle skiing had the highest incidence rate(6.83 per 1000 athlete-days,95%CI:4.00-9.66),and Nordic skiing had the lowest rate(2.70 per 1000 athlete-days,95%CI:1.94-3.46).Conclusion:Professional skiers and snowboarders have a substantial risk of sustaining injuries.Our findings can be used to inform the planning and provision of healthcare for elite participants in different snow sports.     

Gut microbiota and obesity:Impact of antibiotics and prebiotics and potential for musculoskeletal health

Obesity is a complex disease with multiple contributing factors.One of the most intensely studied factors during the past decade has been the gut microbiota,which is the community of all microbes in the intestinal tract.The gut microbiota,via energy extraction,inflammation,and other actions,is now recognized as an important player in the pathogenesis of obesity.Dysbiosis,or an imbalance in the microbial community,can initiate a cascade of metabolic disturbances in the host.Early life is a particularly important period for the development of the gut microbiota,and perturbations such as with antibiotic exposure can have long-lasting consequences for host health.In early life and throughout the life span,diet is one of the most important factors that shape the gut microbiota.Although diets high in fat and sugar have been shown to contribute to dysbiosis and disease,dietary fiber is recognized as an important fermentative fuel for the gut microbiota and results in the production of short-chain fatty acids that can act as signaling molecules in the host.One particular type of fiber,prebiotic fiber,contributes to changes in the gut microbiota,the most notable of which is an increase in the abundance of Bifidobacterium.This review highlights our current understanding of the role of gut microbiota in obesity development and the ways in which manipulating the microbiota through dietary means,specifically prebiotics,could contribute to improved health in the host,including musculo skeletal health.     

Exercise is medicine for type 2 diabetes: An interview with Dr. Sheri R. Colberg

Diabetes,mainly type 2 diabetes(T2D),is a major cause of blindness,kidney failure,heart attack,stroke,and lower limb amputation.Worldwide,the number of people with diabetes rose from 108 million in 1980 to 422 million in 2014 and further to 537 million in 2021,and the prevalence has been rising more rapidly in low-and middle-income countries according to a report by the World Health Organization1 and the latest data from the International Diabetes Federation.2 The positive role of physical activity(PA)and exercise as a prevention and treatment medicine for T2D has been well documented,and both the American College of Sports Medicine(ACSM)and the American Diabetes Association(ADA)have issued position statements on the effects of PA and exercise on diabetes.     

Neurophysiological correlates of interference control and response inhibition processes in children and adolescents engaging in open- and closed-skill sports

Background:Accumulating evidence suggests that sports participation promotes the development of inhibitory control,but the influences of the sports category and inhibition type still remain unclear.The categorization of sports based on the open-skill(externally paced)and closed-skill(self-paced)continuum allows for the integration of the environment as a factor contributing to sports-related benefits for inhibitory control.Methods:Cross-sectional data from different studies were combined(n=184)to examine the association between open-and closed-skill sports and cognitive control processes related to interference control and response inhibition.Participants(aged 9-14 years)filled in 7-day physical activity recall protocols and completed a Stroop Color-Word or a Go/NoGo task.The N200,N450,and P300 components of event-related potentials elicited by these tasks were recorded using electroencephalography.Results:Partial correlations supported the belief that time spent in open-skill sports was related to higher performance on inhibition trials.Additionally,path analyses revealed an association between this sports type and a greater negativity in the N200 and N450 amplitudes in both the full sample and group-level analyses.In contrast,no relation was found between sports type and P300 amplitude.Conclusion:The findings suggest that only the engagement in open-skill sports is associated with more effective conflict monitoring and higher performance on tasks demanding inhibitory control.     

论体育院校学报编辑的学术责任

有学术素养的体育院校学报编辑当充分了解体育学科的特性,谙熟体育院校学报的办刊状况与学术水准,肩负起引领体育学科学术发展方向的责任,积极引导体育学科学术争鸣的动向,善于扶持体育科研园地中的学术新秀,努力倡导体育科研中的学术创新,坚决反对学术不端行为。     

上海体育学院毕业生的就业状况及行业流向分析

运用文献资料法和数据统计研究方法，对上海体育学院近年来毕业生的就业状况和行业流向进行分析和比较。研完表明．我院毕业生仍以教育系统和各类相关事业单位为主：到普教、新闻、公安武警系统就业比例呈下降趋势；到医疗系统的就业率较低；参加考研、第二学位人数持续上升；非上海生源总体就业率高于上海生源。     

高校高水平运动员心理健康模型建构

通过文献资料、访谈、问卷调查及数理统计等研究方法,从心理健康的积极方面探讨高校高水平运动员心理健康的结构特点,构建高校高水平运动员心理健康模型,在此基础上编制并检验量表.结果表明:目标与方向感、掌控环境、调控情绪、自我接纳、胜任感、自主性、自我表现,这7个维度能够很好地解释高校高水平运动员心理健康模型;经信效度检验,该模型内在质量理想,量表符合心理测量学要求,可以作为评价高校高水平运动员心理健康的有效工具.     

武术的文化进程探析

对武术由一项原始格斗技术发展成文化载体的演进历程进行研究。认为:先秦文化的繁荣使武术初具文化特色;集中国传统文化之大成的宋明理学的世俗化,促使武术成为成熟的文化载体,具有多方面文化特色;西方文化及竞技体育改变武术发展中的不良趋向,但降低了武术的层次。     

绿道体育健身环境规划初探

本文阐述了绿道体育健身环境概念和特点,提出建设绿道体育健身环境的最大效益、相对独立和分散集中的规划原则以及层级建设模式,阐述了绿道健身环境的景观设计。     

脑力、体力劳动者足底压力参数分布特征及评定

通过分析脑力、体力劳动者自然行走过程中峰力值（maxforce，MF）、达峰力值时间（time to max force）、冲量（impulse）等参数特征，探讨职业对足底压力分布的影响。采用比利时Footscan USB2平板式足底压测试系统对50名普通健康脑力劳动者和63名普通健康体力劳动者进行自然行走过程中动态足底压力测试。结果显示：脑力、体力劳动者左脚Toel、Toe2-5、Heel Lateral区域平均峰值（MF）存在显著性差异，右脚Mid foot、Meta5区域MF差异存在非常显著性（P〈0．01），左、右双足平均峰力值（MF）最大值均出现在足跟内侧（Heel Medial）。脑力、体力劳动者足底各区域达峰力值的时间（TMF），左右双足差异均存在非常显著性（P〈0．01）。脑力劳动者与体力劳动者行走过程中左足在Toel、Toe2-5、Meta1、Heel Medial、Heel Lateral区域的冲量（Impulse，IP），体力劳动者明显大于脑力劳动者且具有显著性差异〈0．01），体力劳动者与脑力劳动者的足底MF与足弓接触面积及足角度存在不同程度的相关。结果说明：脑力劳动者与体力劳动者行走过程中左右双足的平均峰力值、接触面积、冲量等参数都存在不同程度的差异，可能与长期从事的职业不同有关，建议经常进行体育锻炼或定制矫形鞋垫，可以缓解足底压力高压区的过度集中，不断维护足健康水平。     

大学生体育社团运作方式探索

通过访谈和个案分析对上海对外贸易学院学生体育社团的运作方式进行了实例研究，结果表明：建立社团联合会与体育部“双重管理”模式，更有利于体育社团的发展，体育社团的多种组建方式为体育社团提供了更多的发展机会，体育社团将是大学体育课外活动的主要载体，“联合式”体育社团组建方式是“体教结合”的新尝试。     

中国传统武术话语权危机与提升策略

在梳理中国传统武术话语权发展历程的基础上,分析当前中国传统武术话语权式微问题的主要表现,即本质功能淡化、表层利益化严重、媒介记忆影响受众现实的真实性、媒介记忆受大众审美的影响等。进而提出话语权提升策略：传播主体方面,由"走出去"转为"互动化";受众方面,提高审美能力;媒介方面,关注社会记忆的责任与义务。     

日本2011《体育基本法》解析

日本《体育振兴法》已颁布50年,未做过改动。面对老龄化、少子化,医疗开支扩大以及体育纠纷增多等社会问题,日本于2011年出台了《体育基本法》。该法涵盖范围广,内容丰富,紧紧围绕"八大理念"展开,强调体育权利,明确责任义务,探索建立体育行政机构,弥补了部分法律空白,提高了体育的地位和作用,体现了当今日本对体育的理解与认识,基本法的颁布是日本体育史上的重要里程碑,具有划时代意义,很多条文值得我国借鉴。     

运动员个人数据处理中“同意”原则适用的检视

“同意”原则是个人数据处理的基本规则,体现在各国数据保护立法和国际性文件中,也被国际体育组织所遵循,背后体现数据自决而非他决的理念。但是运动员特殊的身份属性导致其难以控制和支配个人数据,在与体育组织博弈中的非平等协商地位也导致其难以就数据处理作出自由有效的同意,同时“同意”原则一定程度上也阻碍体育大数据等新兴产业的发展。运动员的数据保护需要突破传统“同意”模式,构建数据处理中“同意”原则的否弃机制,引入平衡测试和数据访问权、被遗忘权,使数据处理者的行为规范更具合理性。